Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
15 Clogged Gutter Detector
Aryan Kataria
Eric Zhou
Nyle Raina
Jianchong Chen
# Clogged Gutter Detector

Team Members:
- Aryan Kataria - akata5
- Nyle Raina - nrain3
- TBD - netid

# Problem

Homeowners have no easy way to know when their gutters are clogged with leaves or standing water until they overflow, which can cause damage to foundation or roofing. Checking them proactively requires repeatedly climbing a ladder, which is dangerous and annoying. A low-maintenance, automated monitoring solution is needed to alert users before damage occurs.

# Solution

We plan to create a small, weather-resistant PCB node that mounts next to the gutter's primary downspout. It will use a rain sensor to detect active precipitation and a flow sensor to detect water moving down the spout. If it is raining but there is no water flow, the system will recognize the gutter is clogged. To avoid the need for battery replacements, the board will feature a solar trickle-charging circuit. It will utilize an ESP32 microcontroller that stays in deep sleep most of the time, waking up periodically to take readings and transmit the data to a cloud dashboard.

# Solution Components

## Microcontroller Subsystem

This part handles the logic, sleep cycles, and wireless transmission. We will use an **ESP32-WROOM-32E** module because it has low-power deep sleep capabilities and built-in Wi-Fi to upload the sensor data to our backend.

## Sensor Subsystem

This subsystem detects active rain and monitors water clearing through the downspout to infer a clog.
* **Precipitation Sensor:** We will use a resistive rain sensor board on the top of the enclosure. This will detect when it is actively raining and wake the ESP32.
* **Flow Sensor:** We will mount a Hall-effect water flow sensor (like the YF-S201) at the top of the downspout. If the rain sensor detects water but the flow sensor registers zero movement, the system infers a clog.

## Power Subsystem

This subsystem makes sure the board can run on its own outside.
* **Charge Controller:** We will use a **Microchip MCP73871** charge controller to trickle power from a small 5V solar panel into a standard **18650 Lithium-Ion battery**.
* **Voltage Regulation:** A **Texas Instruments TLV70033** 3.3V regulator will step down the battery voltage to provide a safe, steady 3.3V to the ESP32.

# Criterion For Success

1. The precipitation sensor must output an analog signal that wakes the ESP32 from deep sleep within 10 seconds of active rainfall.
2. The Hall-effect flow sensor must output a reliable pulse signal that the ESP32 can read to accurately detect water movement in the downspout.
3. The power circuit must successfully provide charging current to the 18650 battery when the solar panel is under a bright light, while the regulator outputs a stable 3.3V.
4. The ESP32 must successfully execute its logic check (Rain = True, Flow = False), connect to a 2.4GHz Wi-Fi network, send a JSON alert packet to a test server, and go back to sleep in under 10 seconds.

Master Bus Processor

Clay Kaiser, Philip Macias, Richard Mannion

Master Bus Processor

Featured Project

General Description

We will design a Master Bus Processor (MBP) for music production in home studios. The MBP will use a hybrid analog/digital approach to provide both the desirable non-linearities of analog processing and the flexibility of digital control. Our design will be less costly than other audio bus processors so that it is more accessible to our target market of home studio owners. The MBP will be unique in its low cost as well as in its incorporation of a digital hardware control system. This allows for more flexibility and more intuitive controls when compared to other products on the market.

Design Proposal

Our design would contain a core functionality with scalability in added functionality. It would be designed to fit in a 2U rack mount enclosure with distinct boards for digital and analog circuits to allow for easier unit testings and account for digital/analog interference.

The audio processing signal chain would be composed of analog processing 'blocks’--like steps in the signal chain.

The basic analog blocks we would integrate are:

Compressor/limiter modes

EQ with shelf/bell modes

Saturation with symmetrical/asymmetrical modes

Each block’s multiple modes would be controlled by a digital circuit to allow for intuitive mode selection.

The digital circuit will be responsible for:

Mode selection

Analog block sequence

DSP feedback and monitoring of each analog block (REACH GOAL)

The digital circuit will entail a series of buttons to allow the user to easily select which analog block to control and another button to allow the user to scroll between different modes and presets. Another button will allow the user to control sequence of the analog blocks. An LCD display will be used to give the user feedback of the current state of the system when scrolling and selecting particular modes.

Reach Goals

added DSP functionality such as monitoring of the analog functions

Replace Arduino boards for DSP with custom digital control boards using ATmega328 microcontrollers (same as arduino board)

Rack mounted enclosure/marketable design

System Verification

We will qualify the success of the project by how closely its processing performance matches the design intent. Since audio 'quality’ can be highly subjective, we will rely on objective metrics such as Gain Reduction (GR [dB]), Total Harmonic Distortion (THD [%]), and Noise [V] to qualify the analog processing blocks. The digital controls will be qualified by their ability to actuate the correct analog blocks consistently without causing disruptions to the signal chain or interference. Additionally, the hardware user interface will be qualified by ease of use and intuitiveness.

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