Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
63 Molar Affixed Bone Conduction Speaker for Discreet Communication
Arya Nallanthighall
Raahim Azeem
Yash Khatavkar
Vishal Dayalan design_document1.pdf
final_paper1.pdf
photo1.jpg
photo2.JPG
presentation1.pdf
proposal2.pdf
# Molar Affixed Bone Conduction Speaker for Discreet Communication

Team Members:
- Yashak2
- bharath4
- raahima2

# Problem
Discrete forms of communication have historically been incredibly useful in reconnaissance and military applications. Outside of small earpieces that are externally visible, there are not many solutions for communication that are undetectable from the perspective of an external viewer.
Currently, bone conduction speakers are used in some hearing aids to bypass the ear in those that are hard of hearing. However, the audio signal output to the listener might not provide realistic audio, failing to supply spatial cues to the listener.
# Solution
Therefore, to address this problem, we propose a wearable bone conduction speaker affixed to the molar of the user which transmits audio via vibrations to the jawbone.
To address this problem, we propose augmenting ear wearable hearing aids with in mouth wearable bone conduction speakers, providing another source of audio for the listener to spatialize the input audio.

Describe your design at a high-level, how it solves the problem, and introduce the subsystems of your project.

# Solution Components
NFMI RECIEVER-NxH2280/81/6 or SPIRIT1QTR
ATTINY85-20SU Microcontroller
3V3 Battery
U4 LM4864MM

## Communication
This subsystem is responsible for receiving the audio signal. We will either have a Near Field Magnetic Induction (NFMI) receiver or a Bluetooth receiver fixed in the mouth. This component will be connected to the AT microcontroller, where we will be able to configure the receiver during usage, for example, changing the receiving frequency, or changing the bluetooth pair. The microcontroller will then output this signal to the amplifier subsystem.
NFMI RECIEVER-NxH2280/81/6 or SPIRIT1QTR
ATTINY85-20SU Microcontroller
3V3 Battery
## Amplifier
This subsystem is responsible for the amplification of audio signals which are to be sent to the transducer.
U4 LM4864MM
## Transducer
Finally. the transducer will receive the audio signal from the amplifier unit and converting them into small expansions and contractions of the magnetic coil in the Bone Conduction transducer. These vibrations will then be intelligible to the user as audio.
RC-BC29 or Toothtune transducer(model number unknown but is found inside vintage toothtune brushes of the 2000’s)


# Criterion For Success
Since the premise of the project is a development of an incredibly discrete communication system our goals would be the following,
Transducer must be able to vibrate resonant material, i.e., aluminum, before testing in mouth
Be able to communicate to the user without indicating that such communication is taking place to external reference frames.
The entire device should be comfortable for the user to wear and not an impairment for normal speech.
If these two criteria are fulfilled the unit should be comfortable and low maintenance to wear and operate.

#Safety
As this is an in mouth wearable, safety is of utmost importance in the development process. There will be meticulous care taken in the development in this product so that we do not run the risk of hurting ourselves. First, the components of the circuit will all be chosen for low current, low power operation, thus limiting the power consumption of the wearable. Second, before fitting into the mouth, we will do extensive testing of the system on resonant material outside the mouth, creating a safe testbench for our project. Finally, great care will be taken in insulating each our our components by a) building a insulating chassis, and b) using insulating glue like Sugru to ensure that the user will not be shorted by any loose circuitry.

Habit-Forming Toothbrush Stand

John Kim, Quinn Palanca, Rahul Vasanth

Habit-Forming Toothbrush Stand

Featured Project

I spoke with a TA that approved this idea during office hours today, and they said I should submit it as a project proposal.

# Habit-Forming Toothbrush Stand

Team Members:

- Rahul Vasanth (rvasant2)

- Quinn Andrew Palanca (qpalanc2)

- John Jung-Yoon Kim (johnjk5)

# Problem

There are few habits as impactful as good dental hygiene. Brushing teeth in the morning and night can significantly improve health outcomes. Many struggle with forming and maintaining this habit. Parents might have a difficult time getting children to brush in the morning and before sleep while homeless shelter staff, rehab facility staff, and really, anyone looking to develop and track this habit may want a non-intrusive, privacy-preserving method to develop and maintain the practice of brushing their teeth in the morning. Keeping track of this information and but not storing it permanently through a mobile application is something that does not exist on the market. A small nudge is needed to keep kids, teenagers, and adults of all ages aware and mindful about their brushing habits. Additionally, many tend to zone out while brushing their teeth because they are half asleep and have no idea how long they are brushing.

# Solution

Our solution is catered toward electric toothbrushes. Unlike specific toothbrush brands that come with mobile applications, our solution applies to all electric toothbrushes, preserves privacy, and reduces screen time. We will implement a habit-forming toothbrush stand with a microcontroller, sensors, and a simple LED display that houses the electric toothbrush. A band of sensors will be wrapped around the base of the toothbrush. Lifting the toothbrush from the stand, turning it on, and starting to brush displays a timer that counts seconds up to ten minutes. This solves the problem of brushing too quickly or losing track of time and brushing for too long. Additionally, the display will provide a scorecard for brushing, with 14 values coming from (morning, night) x (6daysago, 5daysago, . . . , today) for a "record" of one week and 14 possible instances of brushing. This will augment the user's awareness of any new trends, and potentially help parents, their children, and other use cases outlined above. We specifically store just one week of data as the goal is habit formation and not permanent storage of potentially sensitive health information in the cloud.

# Solution Components

## Subsystem 1 - Sensor Band

The sensor band will contain a Bluetooth/Wireless Accelerometer and Gyroscope, or Accelerometer, IR sensor (to determine height lifted above sink), Bluetooth/Wireless connection to the microcontroller. This will allow us to determine if the electric toothbrush has been turned on. We will experiment with the overall angle, but knowing whether the toothbrush is parallel to the ground, or is lifted at a certain height above the sink will provide additional validation. These outputs need to be communicated wirelessly to the habit-forming toothbrush stand.

Possibilities: https://www.amazon.com/Accelerometer-Acceleration-Gyroscope-Electronic-Magnetometer/dp/B07GBRTB5K/ref=sr_1_12?keywords=wireless+accelerometer&qid=1643675559&sr=8-12 and individual sensors which we are exploring on Digikey and PCB Piezotronics as well.

## Subsystem 2 - Toothbrush Base/Stand and Display

The toothbrush stand will have a pressure sensor to determine when the toothbrush is lifted from the stand (alternatively, we may also add on an IR sensor), a microcontroller with Bluetooth capability, and a control unit to process sensor outputs as well as an LED display which will be set based on the current state. Additionally, the stand will need an internal clock to distinguish between morning and evening and mark states accordingly. The majority of sensors are powered by 3.3V - 5V. If we use a battery, we may include an additional button to power on the display (or just have it turn on when the pressure sensor / IR sensor output confirms the toothbrush has been lifted, or have the device plug into an outlet.

# Criterion For Success

1. When the user lifts the toothbrush from the stan and it begins to vibrate (signaling the toothbrush is on), the brushing timer begins and is displayed.

2. After at least two minutes have passed and the toothbrush is set back on the stand, the display correctly marks the current day and period (morning or evening).

3. Track record over current and previous days and the overall weekly record is accurately maintained. At the start of a new day, the record is shifted appropriately.

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