Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
68 Automated Sensor-Based Filtration System
 Karthik Talluri
Omar Koueider
Prithvi Saravanan
 Selva Subramaniam design_document2.pdf
final_paper1.pdf
photo1.png
photo2.png
presentation1.pdf
proposal2.pdf
video
# Automated Sensor-Based Filtration System

Team Members:
- Prithvi Saravanan (prithvi3)
- Omar Koueider (oyk2)
- Karthik Talluri (talluri4)

# Problem
As our environment continues to change with global warming and human development, the safety associated with breathing normally is being threatened. In metropolitan areas around the world, there is an increase in smog and toxic output, leading to increased respiratory problems.
Currently, no building filtration systems change or adapt according to the outdoor air quality index (AQI), a measurement that we can use to determine the safety of breathing air in the surrounding environment.

# Solution
Our proposed solution is a filtration system that adapts to changes in outdoor air quality, temperature, and air pressure. We plan to implement this with an electrochemical sensor system that constantly monitors these factors in order to keep the building AQI at a constant level.

In order to keep the indoor air quality constant, we must compare data from the outdoor AQI monitor system with the indoor one. Two separate electron chemical sensor systems will monitor outdoor and indoor particles. We also need a microcontroller to take the analog/digital data from these sensors in order to determine what particles to filter out. The adaptation functionality of opening or closing the air ducts in the building whenever the indoor quality varies will be implemented with a software algorithm along with the microcontroller.


# Solution Components

## Subsystem 1 : Data acquisition
We will gather lots of data both inside and outside in order to determine the air quality but also the reasons behind the quality so that in the case of a low AQI reading, we would be able to point towards what seems to be dampening the quality. The information from these sensors will then impact how we choose to filter out the air coming in. We will use the following sensors in our PCB:

SGP40: – A sensor that processes a raw signal and determines AQI for you on a scale from 0 to 500.
CCS811: – Air quality sensor but instead of AQI it provides TVOC and CO2 data.
PM2.5 PMSA003I: Sensor that collects the concentration of particles smaller than 2.5 microns in width.
BME680: Sensor to collect temperature, humidity, and air pressure data.

Our goal is to have 2 of each sensor (one for the inside and one for outside). 5V is necessary to power up all the sensors.

## Subsystem 2: Microcontroller
We will use an ESP32 to hook up all our sensors to and to process the data collected. The microcontroller will then be responsible for communicating with the air ducts (opening and closing of the ducts) and the filtration system (changing direction of air coming in for better filtration) to ensure constant AQI inside. 3.3V is required to power up the ESP32.


## Subsystem 3: Dynamic Filtration Subsystem
In order to change the filtration rate, we use the inertial impaction mechanism. This type of filtration technique creates a rapid change of air to separate particles from the air stream using the inertia principle. Based on the changes in AQI detected in our sensor subsystem, we can automate this process and program an algorithm that dynamically adjusts the velocity of the air blasted in the opposite direction of the incoming stream to be filtered. This ensures the functionality of constant indoor air quality while factoring in the data from particulates outside.

# Criterion For Success
Each sensor can accurately collect data both inside and outside of a room.

Sensors can monitor the air constantly and display small and large changes in the AQI.

There should be an established way for the PCB to communicate with the physical filtration system.

The filtration system should change the airflow according to the data received and transmitted by the sensors.

Recovery-Monitoring Knee Brace

Dong Hyun Lee, Jong Yoon Lee, Dennis Ryu

Featured Project

Problem:

Thanks to modern technology, it is easy to encounter a wide variety of wearable fitness devices such as Fitbit and Apple Watch in the market. Such devices are designed for average consumers who wish to track their lifestyle by counting steps or measuring heartbeats. However, it is rare to find a product for the actual patients who require both the real-time monitoring of a wearable device and the hard protection of a brace.

Personally, one of our teammates ruptured his front knee ACL and received reconstruction surgery a few years ago. After ACL surgery, it is common to wear a knee brace for about two to three months for protection from outside impacts, fast recovery, and restriction of movement. For a patient who is situated in rehabilitation after surgery, knee protection is an imperative recovery stage, but is often overlooked. One cannot deny that such a brace is also cumbersome to put on in the first place.

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Solution:

Our group aims to make a wearable device for people who require a knee brace by adding a health monitoring system onto an existing knee brace. The fundamental purpose is to protect the knee, but by adding a monitoring system we want to provide data and a platform for both doctor and patients so they can easily check the current status/progress of the injury.

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Audience:

1) Average person with leg problems

2) Athletes with leg injuries

3) Elderly people with discomforts

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Equipment:

Temperature sensors : perhaps in the form of electrodes, they will be used to measure the temperature of the swelling of the knee, which will indicate if recovery is going smoothly.

Pressure sensors : they will be calibrated such that a certain threshold of force must be applied by the brace to the leg. A snug fit is required for the brace to fulfill its job.

EMG circuit : we plan on constructing an EMG circuit based on op-amps, resistors, and capacitors. This will be the circuit that is intended for doctors, as it will detect muscle movement.

Development board: our main board will transmit the data from each of the sensors to a mobile interface via. Bluetooth. The user will be notified when the pressure sensors are not tight enough. For our purposes, the battery on the development will suffice, and we will not need additional dry cells.

The data will be transmitted to a mobile system, where it would also remind the user to wear the brace if taken off. To make sure the brace has a secure enough fit, pressure sensors will be calibrated to determine accordingly. We want to emphasize the hardware circuits that will be supplemented onto the leg brace.

We want to emphasize on the hardware circuit portion this brace contains. We have tested the temperature and pressure resistors on a breadboard by soldering them to resistors, and confirmed they work as intended by checking with a multimeter.

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