Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
89 Screentime Habit Correction Headband
 Colin Moy
Jake Chen
Zhiyuan Chen
 Gayatri Chandran design_document1.pdf
final_paper1.pdf
photo1.jpg
photo2.jpg
photo3.jpg
presentation1.pdf
proposal1.pdf
video
# Screentime Habit Correction Headband

Team Members:
- Jake Chen (jakezc2)
- Colin Moy (colincm2)
- Zhiyuan Chen (zc67)

# Problem

With the majority of people having more and more access to screens, many people spend a large amount of time in front of a desktop computer. After some time, their posture deteriorates into slouching and they can end up sitting too close to the screen. With poor posture, the neck and back can be strained and can be detrimental to long term health. Additionally, when sitting too close to the screen, the eyes can get dry from not blinking enough and get strained. Even if you have good posture and distance, sitting at the screen for too long can also strain your eyes and back.

# Solution

Our Screentime Habit Correction Headband will allow the user to track their habits during screentime and correct bad habits. By using a headband with two sensors, the device will be able to track the posture of the user based on the calibration done when the device is powered on, as well as the distance between the user and the screen they are looking at. The device will send feedback to the user using vibrations, a speaker, and a LED when the user’s posture deteriorates or they get too close to the screen. In addition, the device will also send feedback to the user if they have been sitting in front of the screen for too long. The headband will be lightweight and will be wired to a box that contains the bulk of the electronics as well as the rechargeable battery for the device. In addition to the physical device, there will also be an app that can track screentime and posture data from the device using Bluetooth.

# Solution Components

## Power

Our power subsystem will contain a Lithium-Polymer battery with a TP4056 charging module. It will also be able to regulate and step down voltages using an LDO and buck converters and send them to all the other components in the device.

Lithium Polymer battery,
TP4056,
LDL1117-3.3


## Sensors

There are two sensors on the device. The first sensor is the ICM-42670-P, which is an IMU that is able to sense position and orientation in order to tell the MCU to send feedback when the user’s posture is bad. The second sensor is the VL53L0X Time-of-Flight Sensor, which is able to detect the distance from the user to a screen. This sensor will tell the MCU to send feedback when the user is too close to their screen.

ICM-42670-P,
VL53L0X


## Feedback

The feedback subsystem consists of a vibration motor (Mini ERM), speaker (Piezoelectric Buzzer), and two LEDs. There are two cases when the feedback subsystem will activate. One case is when the user is either slouching or too close to the screen. The other case is when the user has been sitting in front of the screen for too long. Each case will have their own dedicated LED, while both cases will activate the vibration motor and speaker.

Coin vibration motor,
Piezoelectric Buzzer,
2 LEDs


## Processing

The processing system consists of the microcontroller. The MCU that we will be using is the ESP32. It will use sensor data as well as its own timer to determine when to send feedback to the user based on time of exposure to a screen, distance to a screen, and posture. The MCU will also manipulate the sensor data so the two cases won’t interfere with each other. In addition, the MCU will have Bluetooth capabilities that will be able to communicate with the app and allow it to track data.

ESP32-S3


## App

The app will measure a lot of data from the sensors using Bluetooth. The app will display the time it takes before the user’s posture deteriorates or the screen gets too close to the user, the amount of times this occurs, and the general data such as daily screentime. The app will also have a graph of all these statistics that it can track over the course of a week.


## Design
The headband will have a switch that is used to turn the device on and off, with device calibration when switched on. The headband also will only contain the two sensors and the vibration motor, and the headband will be wired to a separate box, meant to be placed on the desk. The box will hold everything else, from the LEDs, speaker, microcontroller, and power subsystem.


# Criterion For Success

## Headband:


Accurate distance measurements from headband to screen transmitted to stationary module (±0.5 in)

Lightweight (weight limit of 100g)

Alarm activates when distance to screen is less than 12 inches

Alarm activates when IMU detects the user’s head looking down at an angle of over 15 degrees for 3 seconds or when IMU detects it has been lowered by at least 2 inches for 3 seconds

Alarm activates when user has been sitting for at least 60 minutes

Alarm is turned off when user fixes posture to ±0.5 inches of normal position and is further than 12 inches from the screen

Fast calibration for posture (Under 15 seconds)

Switch can power the device off and on, as well as calibrate when switched on

Device operates for at least 2 hours on a single battery charge

## App:


Values displayed on the app match the values output by the microcontroller (average time from initial screen exposure to unsafe screen distance, average time from initially sitting down to bad posture)

Previous recorded values can be displayed in a graph

## Box:

Battery is chargeable by USB-C

Healthy Chair

Ryan Chen, Alan Tokarsky, Tod Wang

Healthy Chair

Featured Project

Team Members:

- Wang Qiuyu (qiuyuw2)

- Ryan Chen (ryanc6)

- Alan Torkarsky(alanmt2)

## Problem

The majority of the population sits for most of the day, whether it’s students doing homework or

employees working at a desk. In particular, during the Covid era where many people are either

working at home or quarantining for long periods of time, they tend to work out less and sit

longer, making it more likely for people to result in obesity, hemorrhoids, and even heart

diseases. In addition, sitting too long is detrimental to one’s bottom and urinary tract, and can

result in urinary urgency, and poor sitting posture can lead to reduced blood circulation, joint

and muscle pain, and other health-related issues.

## Solution

Our team is proposing a project to develop a healthy chair that aims at addressing the problems

mentioned above by reminding people if they have been sitting for too long, using a fan to cool

off the chair, and making people aware of their unhealthy leaning posture.

1. It uses thin film pressure sensors under the chair’s seat to detect the presence of a user,

and pressure sensors on the chair’s back to detect the leaning posture of the user.

2. It uses a temperature sensor under the chair’s seat, and if the seat’s temperature goes

beyond a set temperature threshold, a fan below will be turned on by the microcontroller.

3. It utilizes an LCD display with programmable user interface. The user is able to input the

duration of time the chair will alert the user.

4. It uses a voice module to remind the user if he or she has been sitting for too long. The

sitting time is inputted by the user and tracked by the microcontroller.

5. Utilize only a voice chip instead of the existing speech module to construct our own

voice module.

6. The "smart" chair is able to analyze the situation that the chair surface temperature

exceeds a certain temperature within 24 hours and warns the user about it.

## Solution Components

## Signal Acquisition Subsystem

The signal acquisition subsystem is composed of multiple pressure sensors and a temperature

sensor. This subsystem provides all the input signals (pressure exerted on the bottom and the

back of the chair, as well as the chair’s temperature) that go into the microcontroller. We will be

using RP-C18.3-ST thin film pressure sensors and MLX90614-DCC non-contact IR temperature

sensor.

## Microcontroller Subsystem

In order to achieve seamless data transfer and have enough IO for all the sensors we will use

two ATMEGA88A-PU microcontrollers. One microcontroller is used to take the inputs and

serves as the master, and the second one controls the outputs and acts as the slave. We will

use I2C communication to let the two microcontrollers talk to each other. The microcontrollers

will also be programmed with the ch340g usb to ttl converter. They will be programmed outside

the board and placed into it to avoid over cluttering the PCB with extra circuits.

The microcontroller will be in charge of processing the data that it receives from all input

sensors: pressure and temperature. Once it determines that there is a person sitting on it we

can use the internal clock to begin tracking how long they have been sitting. The clock will also

be used to determine if the person has stood up for a break. The microcontroller will also use

the readings from the temperature sensor to determine if the chair has been overheating to turn

on the fans if necessary. A speaker will tell the user to get up and stretch for a while when they

have been sitting for too long. We will use the speech module to create speech through the

speaker to inform the user of their lengthy sitting duration.

The microcontroller will also be able to relay data about the posture to the led screen for the

user. When it’s detected that the user is leaning against the chair improperly for too long from

the thin film pressure sensors on the chair back, we will flash the corresponding LEDs to notify

the user of their unhealthy sitting posture.

## Implementation Subsystem

The implementation subsystem can be further broken down into three modules: the fan module,

the speech module, and the LCD module. This subsystem includes all the outputs controlled by

the microcontroller. We will be using a MF40100V2-1000U-A99 fan for the fan module,

ISD4002-240PY voice record chip for the speech module, and Adafruit 1.54" 240x240 Wide

Angle TFT LCD Display with MicroSD - ST7789 LCD display for the OLED.

## Power Subsystem

The power subsystem converts 120V AC voltage to a lower DC voltage. Since most of the input

and output sensors, as well as the ATMEGA88A-PU microcontroller operate under a DC voltage

of around or less than 5V, we will be implementing the power subsystem that can switch

between a battery and normal power from the wall.

## Criteria for Success

-The thin film pressure sensors on the bottom of the chair are able to detect the pressure of a

human sitting on the chair

-The temperature sensor is able to detect an increase in temperature and turns the fan as

temperature goes beyond our set threshold temperature. After the temperature decreases

below the threshold, the fan is able to be turned off by the microcontroller

-The thin film pressure sensors on the back of the chair are able to detect unhealthy sitting

posture

-The outputs of the implementation subsystem including the speech, fan, and LCD modules are

able to function as described above and inform the user correctly

## Envision of Final Demo

Our final demo of the healthy chair project is an office chair with grids. The office chair’s back

holds several other pressure sensors to detect the person’s leaning posture. The pressure and

temperature sensors are located under the office chair. After receiving input time from the user,

the healthy chair is able to warn the user if he has been sitting for too long by alerting him from

the speech module. The fan below the chair’s seat is able to turn on after the chair seat’s

temperature goes beyond a set threshold temperature. The LCD displays which sensors are

activated and it also receives the user’s time input.

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