Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
32 Plant Notification System (Soilmate)
 Emma Hoeger
Sigrior Vauhkonen
Ysabella Lucero
 Zhuchen Shao final_paper1.pdf
other1.pdf
photo1.jpg
photo2.jpg
presentation1.pdf
proposal1.pdf
video
Plant Notification System (Soilmate)

Team Members:
- Emma Hoeger (ehoeger2)
- Ysabella Lucero(ylucero2)
- Sigrior Vauhkonen (sigrior2)

# Problem
Many house plant owners struggle taking proper care of their plants. It can be difficult to keep track of when to water them and where to keep them, based on their species of plant and stage of life. Since all of them require water at different frequencies and amounts, it’s also easy to forget to water the plants on time and meet their different schedules.

# Solution
Our solution is to create a notification system to inform houseplant owners of when they should water their different plants. It will also notify the owner of the conditions of the plant based on various sensors. This will be done by creating an app that the owner can download on their phone where they will be able to enter their type of plant. There have been many apps created to act as a reminder to water plants; however, the majority of them rely on a schedule rather than live data gathered from the plant. Also those that do have live data from the plant, do not track the weather. Our app will track where that plant is originally from and use the weather patterns in that area to determine when it should be watered (ie. when it’s raining). In addition, there will be a soil moisture sensor, humidity sensor, light sensor, and temperature sensor. The soil moisture sensor will also alert the owner to water the plant if the moisture is too low, and prevent overwatering of the plant if the moisture is too high. The humidity sensor will alert the owner when humidity is dangerously too high or low for the plant, which is especially useful for tropical plants in a non-tropical environment (many houseplants are of a tropical background). The temperature sensor will alert the owner when the room temperature is not in the optimal range for the specific plant.
With the integration of software and hardware subsystems, this effective plant notifying system will make taking care of houseplants easier for both beginner and experienced plant owners. Beginner plant owners will find it easier to learn of and keep track of the demands of their plants, preventing most common mistakes that result in the death of their plants. Many experienced plant owners have upwards of 20 plants, and this notification system would make it much simpler to keep track of when to water them all.

# Solution Components
- ESP32-C61-DevKitC-1-N8R2
- Moisture Sensor (SEN0114)
- Temperature & Humidity Sensor (SHTC3-TR-10KS/9477851)
- Light Sensor (BH1750)
- ADC Module
- 5V DC Converter

## Subsystem 1: App Configuration + Weather Data
The app (developed using Flutter/Android Studio) will allow the user to add a plant for monitoring- the user will select the plant species, size, light exposure, and the size of the pot. With this information, using a lookup table that holds information for plant species, the app will store target ranges for soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and light, as well as a “home location” (later used to check weather). In the event that a plant species is unknown to the app (not in the lookup table), the user can manually add this information.
Once per day, the app will call a weather API (OpenWeatherMap API) using the “home location” of a plant to check for rain in that region. This will be used as a supplementary factor to the data from the soil moisture sensor, and with this a decision will be made on whether to water the plant or not. If the plant should be watered, a notification will be generated to inform the user. The data from the temperature, light, and humidity sensor will also generate notifications if the temperature and/or humidity is out of the recommended range, informing the user that the environment is too hot or too cold, or too moist or dry. It will give recommendations to either turn down/up the temperature, place plant in a different facing window (north, east, south, west), mist with water if too dry, or open windows if too humid. This will make the app much more beginner plant friendly.

## Subsystem 2: Sensor Subsystem
The sensor subsystem will use a resistive moisture sensor (SEN0114), temperature and humidity sensor (SHTC3), and a light sensor (BH1750). All of these sensors except the SEN0114, which requires an ADC module, will use an I2C interface that is compatible with our microcontroller (ESP32). The sensors will send their measurements to the microcontroller to be interpreted and relayed through the app. Our power subsystem will supply the correct voltages to the rated amounts of the sensors.

## Subsystem 3: Microcontroller for Communication
We must be able to blend our app configuration with our live sensor subsystem to send an alert. We can do this by using the ESP32 microcontroller. It will provide wifi and bluetooth connectivity for our sensor devices to easily transfer the data to our app. It is cost-effective and has low power consumption which will make it easy to integrate with our design. Furthermore, our group has experience with this microcontroller so we are confident with its capabilities.

## Subsystem 4: Power Subsystem
The power subsystem will deliver power to the sensors and microcontroller systems. The ESP32 requires 5V while the temperature, humidity, moisture and light sensors require 3.3V. The 3.3V will come from the LDO on the microcontroller and we will use a 5V USB adaptor to convert the 120V AC from the bench to 5V.

# Criterion For Success (Pothos for example)
- Accurately gather soil moisture data
- 300-700 Ohms optimal for top 2 inches of soil
- Accurately gather temperature data
- 60 to 80 degrees farenheit
- Accurately gather humidity data
- 40 to 60%
- Accurately gather light data
- 1,000 to 3,000 lux
- Accurately transfer data from sensors to app via microcontroller
- Be able to track weather conditions
- Be able to send alerts through app using sensors/weather conditions
- Allow user to enter plant species, and size in app
- Ensure app can track weather for multiple plant species

Resonant Cavity Field Profiler

Salaj Ganesh, Max Goin, Furkan Yazici

Resonant Cavity Field Profiler

Featured Project

# Team Members:

- Max Goin (jgoin2)

- Furkan Yazici (fyazici2)

- Salaj Ganesh (salajg2)

# Problem

We are interested in completing the project proposal submitted by Starfire for designing a device to tune Resonant Cavity Particle Accelerators. We are working with Tom Houlahan, the engineer responsible for the project, and have met with him to discuss the project already.

Resonant Cavity Particle Accelerators require fine control and characterization of their electric field to function correctly. This can be accomplished by pulling a metal bead through the cavities displacing empty volume occupied by the field, resulting in measurable changes to its operation. This is typically done manually, which is very time-consuming (can take up to 2 days).

# Solution

We intend on massively speeding up this process by designing an apparatus to automate the process using a microcontroller and stepper motor driver. This device will move the bead through all 4 cavities of the accelerator while simultaneously making measurements to estimate the current field conditions in response to the bead. This will help technicians properly tune the cavities to obtain optimum performance.

# Solution Components

## MCU:

STM32Fxxx (depending on availability)

Supplies drive signals to a stepper motor to step the metal bead through the 4 quadrants of the RF cavity. Controls a front panel to indicate the current state of the system. Communicates to an external computer to allow the user to set operating conditions and to log position and field intensity data for further analysis.

An MCU with a decent onboard ADC and DAC would be preferred to keep design complexity minimum. Otherwise, high MIPS performance isn’t critical.

## Frequency-Lock Circuitry:

Maintains a drive frequency that is equal to the resonant frequency. A series of op-amps will filter and form a control loop from output signals from the RF front end before sampling by the ADCs. 2 Op-Amps will be required for this task with no specific performance requirements.

## AC/DC Conversion & Regulation:

Takes an AC voltage(120V, 60Hz) from the wall and supplies a stable DC voltage to power MCU and motor driver. Ripple output must meet minimum specifications as stated in the selected MCU datasheet.

## Stepper Drive:

IC to control a stepper motor. There are many options available, for example, a Trinamic TMC2100. Any stepper driver with a decent resolution will work just fine. The stepper motor will not experience large loading, so the part choice can be very flexible.

## ADC/DAC:

Samples feedback signals from the RF front end and outputs the digital signal to MCU. This component may also be built into the MCU.

## Front Panel Indicator:

Displays the system's current state, most likely a couple of LEDs indicating progress/completion of tuning.

## USB Interface:

Establishes communication between the MCU and computer. This component may also be built into the MCU.

## Software:

Logs the data gathered by the MCU for future use over the USB connection. The position of the metal ball and phase shift will be recorded for analysis.

## Test Bed:

We will have a small (~ 1 foot) proof of concept accelerator for the purposes of testing. It will be supplied by Starfire with the required hardware for testing. This can be left in the lab for us to use as needed. The final demonstration will be with a full-size accelerator.

# Criterion For Success:

- Demonstrate successful field characterization within the resonant cavities on a full-sized accelerator.

- Data will be logged on a PC for later use.

- Characterization completion will be faster than current methods.

- The device would not need any input from an operator until completion.

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