Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
6 E-Bike Crash Detection and Safety
 Adam Arabik
Ayman Reza
Muhammad Daniyal Amir
 Shengkun Cui design_document1.pdf
proposal1.pdf
# Title

Team Members:
- Ayman Reza (areza6)
- Muhammad Amir (mamir6)
- Adam Arabik (aarabik2)

#Problem
E-bikes are gaining popularity as a sustainable and convenient mode of transportation. The main issue with the growing number of e-bikes is the safety of the rider and those around them. If a rider gets into a crash, there is no automatic shutoff for the electrical systems on an e-bike. This means that the bike's motor can remain on, potentially causing more harm to the rider or the surrounding environment. Current safety systems installed on electronic devices typically focus only on post-crash communication, such as sending alerts to contacts or calling emergency services. There is currently no system that can detect a crash in real time and instantly cut power to the bike’s electrical systems to improve safety.

#Solution
My group's solution is a crash detection system with a motor shutoff that can integrate with e-bike systems. This device will use its own sensors and electrical measurements to recognize when a crash occurs. Once a crash is detected, the system will cut all power to the motor, ensuring that the bike can no longer accelerate even if the throttle is still engaged. To reduce false positives, the system will use a module that combines data from multiple sensors to provide a more accurate assessment of whether a cutoff is needed. In addition, the design will include a manual override that allows the rider to turn the motor back on and continue operating the bike normally. The goal of this project is to create a crash protection system that reacts quickly to its environment to prevent further harm during a crash.

#Solution Components

##Subsystem 1: Crash Detection Sensors

This subsystem is responsible for detecting sudden deceleration, impacts, or abnormal electrical behavior that indicates a crash. The design will use an accelerometer and gyroscope, like the MPU-6050, to monitor motion and angular velocity. A current sensor like the ACS712 will be used to detect sudden changes in motor current that occur during impact. An optional vibration or impact sensor may be added to confirm collision events and improve reliability.

##Subsystem 2: Control and Processing Unit

This subsystem will process the inputs from the sensors, run the crash-detection algorithm, and issue the motor cutoff command. The system will be built around a microcontroller, such as an STM32 or ESP32, which has the processing capability to fuse sensor data and apply threshold-based decision making. The microcontroller will also handle input from the manual reset and override switch to allow the rider to re-enable the system if a false detection occurs.

##Subsystem 3: Motor Cutoff Circuit

The subsystem physically disconnects the motor power when a crash is detected. A MOSFET-based switch will be used to cut power from the e-bike motor controller. The cutoff circuit will be designed to handle the motor’s current and respond within milliseconds. Once triggered, the motor will remain disabled until the system is reset by the rider.


##Subsystem5: Testing and Validation Setup

The subsystem is focused on verifying the accuracy and timing of the system under controlled and real-world conditions. The initial bench testing will involve tapping the sensor and measuring how quickly the motor cutoff occurs using the oscilloscope. The controlled crash simulation will be performed by stopping the spinning wheel or using drop tests to mimic the impact. Field tests will involve riding the e-bike over curbs, bumps, and rough pavement to ensure the system doesn’t false trigger during normal use. Once a crash has been detected, the motor can be re enabled using the reset button.

#Criterion for Success

The rider must be able to manually cut and enable power to the motor at any time using switches on the electrical systems. If the bike tips over onto its side, the motor must turn off automatically. If the bike comes to an immediate stop that indicates a crash, the motor must turn off automatically. The system needs to be able to work with e-bike motors.

Recovery-Monitoring Knee Brace

Dong Hyun Lee, Jong Yoon Lee, Dennis Ryu

Featured Project

Problem:

Thanks to modern technology, it is easy to encounter a wide variety of wearable fitness devices such as Fitbit and Apple Watch in the market. Such devices are designed for average consumers who wish to track their lifestyle by counting steps or measuring heartbeats. However, it is rare to find a product for the actual patients who require both the real-time monitoring of a wearable device and the hard protection of a brace.

Personally, one of our teammates ruptured his front knee ACL and received reconstruction surgery a few years ago. After ACL surgery, it is common to wear a knee brace for about two to three months for protection from outside impacts, fast recovery, and restriction of movement. For a patient who is situated in rehabilitation after surgery, knee protection is an imperative recovery stage, but is often overlooked. One cannot deny that such a brace is also cumbersome to put on in the first place.

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Solution:

Our group aims to make a wearable device for people who require a knee brace by adding a health monitoring system onto an existing knee brace. The fundamental purpose is to protect the knee, but by adding a monitoring system we want to provide data and a platform for both doctor and patients so they can easily check the current status/progress of the injury.

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Audience:

1) Average person with leg problems

2) Athletes with leg injuries

3) Elderly people with discomforts

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Equipment:

Temperature sensors : perhaps in the form of electrodes, they will be used to measure the temperature of the swelling of the knee, which will indicate if recovery is going smoothly.

Pressure sensors : they will be calibrated such that a certain threshold of force must be applied by the brace to the leg. A snug fit is required for the brace to fulfill its job.

EMG circuit : we plan on constructing an EMG circuit based on op-amps, resistors, and capacitors. This will be the circuit that is intended for doctors, as it will detect muscle movement.

Development board: our main board will transmit the data from each of the sensors to a mobile interface via. Bluetooth. The user will be notified when the pressure sensors are not tight enough. For our purposes, the battery on the development will suffice, and we will not need additional dry cells.

The data will be transmitted to a mobile system, where it would also remind the user to wear the brace if taken off. To make sure the brace has a secure enough fit, pressure sensors will be calibrated to determine accordingly. We want to emphasize the hardware circuits that will be supplemented onto the leg brace.

We want to emphasize on the hardware circuit portion this brace contains. We have tested the temperature and pressure resistors on a breadboard by soldering them to resistors, and confirmed they work as intended by checking with a multimeter.

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