Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
59 Automatic Titration System
 Jack Viebrock
Jason Flanagan
Matthew Weyrich
 Selva Subramaniam design_document2.pdf
final_paper1.pdf
photo1.heic
photo2.heic
presentation1.pptx
proposal2.pdf
video
# Automatic Titration System
## Team Members:
- Jack Viebrock (Jackav3)
- Jason Flanagon (Jasonpf2)
- Matthew Weyrich (Weyrich4)
## Problem
Titration is a time-consuming process that can introduce large amounts of error from the manual procedure, such as improper burette reading, accidental extra analyte added, and guessing on the endpoint with a color indicator. Automatic titration systems can help reduce this error but cost over $3,000, restricting their application to wealthy labs.
## Solution
We will create a lower-cost automatic titration system to bridge this gap in the market to make it affordable to have high-quality titration data accuracy over manual methods

## Solution Components:
### Subsystem 1: Sensors
PH Module Probe Detection and Acquisition Monitoring Control Industrial Inspection Tool PH014 PH Electrode Probe: Amazon.com: Industrial & Scientific
(https://www.amazon.com/Detection-Acquisition-Monitoring-Industrial-Inspection/dp/B08XMBGCM8/ref=asc_df_B08XMBGCM8/?tag=hyprod-20&linkCode=df0&hvadid=675719866680&hvpos=&hvnetw=g&hvrand=3781607236679164999&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvqmt=&hvdev=c&hvdvcmdl=&hvlocint=&hvlocphy=1016367&hvtargid=pla-2246775686040&psc=1&mcid=c6b1279b2a033a4ebc0bcac78d93f067 )

The titration system will not need the use of an indicator. To determine the amount of titrate to add to the solution, a pH sensor will be used. This sensor will connect to microcontroller, indicating the current acidity of the solution on a scale of 0-14, where 7 is the base value.
### Subsystem 2: Power System
We will be using an AC (120V, 60Hz) wall to DC (dependent on final components and circuits) adapter, additionally we will need to use dc-to-dc adapters for the varying dc voltages needed for the varying subsystem devices including the microcontroller (5.5V), stepping motor (2.8V). With those dc-to-dc converters, we can make our own PCBs or order prefabricated devices to perform the conversion. If time permits, we may dive into a battery system to support portability.
### Subsystem 3: Control
PIC PIC® 18F Microcontroller IC 8-Bit 48MHz 32KB (16K x 16) FLASH 28-SOIC
The microcontroller will be taking the live output voltage from the pH sensors and will control the speed and precision of the titrate pump accordingly. The microcontroller will also be in-charge of starting and ending the pump when the start button is pressed. Volume amounts per step of the motor will be pre-determined and calibrated so the microcontroller can determine volume.
### Subsystem 4: Motor
Our implementation of an automatic titration system will imitate a burette by using a syringe driver, which is a stepper motor and linear actuator to precisely administer titrant with a syringe. The motor will need to be connected to the PCB so it can be controlled through the microcontroller. This is a potential stepper motor we could use: Buy 17N19S1684MB-200RS Nema 17 Non-captive Linear Stepper Motor Actuator 48mm Stack 1.8 Deg 1.68A Lead 8mm/0.31496" Lead Screw 200mm Online - Oyostepper.com (https://www.oyostepper.com/goods-1162-Nema-17-Non-captive-Linear-Stepper-Motor-Actuator-48mm-Stack-168A-Lead-8mm031496-Length-200mm.html) which has 0.04 mm lead/step to allow us to compress the syringe exactly. The syringe will then be attached to a plastic tube with a pointed end to minimize drop size, thus further increasing precision on titrant dispense.
### (Stretch Goal) Subsystem 5: Display of Data with Graph
The main data output to user will be a live reading of the pH, but this stretch goal will display a common graph used in titrations is called a “titration curve”. If we can fit it in the budget and time constraints, we will add this functionality to display this graph.
Amazon.com: Treedix 3.5 inch TFT LCD Display 320 x 480 Color Screen Module Compatible with Arduino UNO R3 Mega2560 : Electronics (https://www.amazon.com/Treedix-Display-Screen-Arduino-Mega2560/dp/B0872S57HG?source=ps-sl-shoppingads-lpcontext&ref_=fplfs&psc=1&smid=A22NPL1KB8AOV0 )
An Arduino Uno will be used along with an LCD display to show the current pH of the solution. A live graph will be created using the Arduino Serial Plotter to visually show the live data from the pH sensors.

## Criterion For Success
(For safety with demos, we can do a food-safe vinegar titration to avoid any harmful chemicals)
- Primary Success: Repeat titration with only 0.5% deviation between measurements
- Secondary Success: Provide a decrease in 30% of time taken over a manual titration.

Healthy Chair

Ryan Chen, Alan Tokarsky, Tod Wang

Healthy Chair

Featured Project

Team Members:

- Wang Qiuyu (qiuyuw2)

- Ryan Chen (ryanc6)

- Alan Torkarsky(alanmt2)

## Problem

The majority of the population sits for most of the day, whether it’s students doing homework or

employees working at a desk. In particular, during the Covid era where many people are either

working at home or quarantining for long periods of time, they tend to work out less and sit

longer, making it more likely for people to result in obesity, hemorrhoids, and even heart

diseases. In addition, sitting too long is detrimental to one’s bottom and urinary tract, and can

result in urinary urgency, and poor sitting posture can lead to reduced blood circulation, joint

and muscle pain, and other health-related issues.

## Solution

Our team is proposing a project to develop a healthy chair that aims at addressing the problems

mentioned above by reminding people if they have been sitting for too long, using a fan to cool

off the chair, and making people aware of their unhealthy leaning posture.

1. It uses thin film pressure sensors under the chair’s seat to detect the presence of a user,

and pressure sensors on the chair’s back to detect the leaning posture of the user.

2. It uses a temperature sensor under the chair’s seat, and if the seat’s temperature goes

beyond a set temperature threshold, a fan below will be turned on by the microcontroller.

3. It utilizes an LCD display with programmable user interface. The user is able to input the

duration of time the chair will alert the user.

4. It uses a voice module to remind the user if he or she has been sitting for too long. The

sitting time is inputted by the user and tracked by the microcontroller.

5. Utilize only a voice chip instead of the existing speech module to construct our own

voice module.

6. The "smart" chair is able to analyze the situation that the chair surface temperature

exceeds a certain temperature within 24 hours and warns the user about it.

## Solution Components

## Signal Acquisition Subsystem

The signal acquisition subsystem is composed of multiple pressure sensors and a temperature

sensor. This subsystem provides all the input signals (pressure exerted on the bottom and the

back of the chair, as well as the chair’s temperature) that go into the microcontroller. We will be

using RP-C18.3-ST thin film pressure sensors and MLX90614-DCC non-contact IR temperature

sensor.

## Microcontroller Subsystem

In order to achieve seamless data transfer and have enough IO for all the sensors we will use

two ATMEGA88A-PU microcontrollers. One microcontroller is used to take the inputs and

serves as the master, and the second one controls the outputs and acts as the slave. We will

use I2C communication to let the two microcontrollers talk to each other. The microcontrollers

will also be programmed with the ch340g usb to ttl converter. They will be programmed outside

the board and placed into it to avoid over cluttering the PCB with extra circuits.

The microcontroller will be in charge of processing the data that it receives from all input

sensors: pressure and temperature. Once it determines that there is a person sitting on it we

can use the internal clock to begin tracking how long they have been sitting. The clock will also

be used to determine if the person has stood up for a break. The microcontroller will also use

the readings from the temperature sensor to determine if the chair has been overheating to turn

on the fans if necessary. A speaker will tell the user to get up and stretch for a while when they

have been sitting for too long. We will use the speech module to create speech through the

speaker to inform the user of their lengthy sitting duration.

The microcontroller will also be able to relay data about the posture to the led screen for the

user. When it’s detected that the user is leaning against the chair improperly for too long from

the thin film pressure sensors on the chair back, we will flash the corresponding LEDs to notify

the user of their unhealthy sitting posture.

## Implementation Subsystem

The implementation subsystem can be further broken down into three modules: the fan module,

the speech module, and the LCD module. This subsystem includes all the outputs controlled by

the microcontroller. We will be using a MF40100V2-1000U-A99 fan for the fan module,

ISD4002-240PY voice record chip for the speech module, and Adafruit 1.54" 240x240 Wide

Angle TFT LCD Display with MicroSD - ST7789 LCD display for the OLED.

## Power Subsystem

The power subsystem converts 120V AC voltage to a lower DC voltage. Since most of the input

and output sensors, as well as the ATMEGA88A-PU microcontroller operate under a DC voltage

of around or less than 5V, we will be implementing the power subsystem that can switch

between a battery and normal power from the wall.

## Criteria for Success

-The thin film pressure sensors on the bottom of the chair are able to detect the pressure of a

human sitting on the chair

-The temperature sensor is able to detect an increase in temperature and turns the fan as

temperature goes beyond our set threshold temperature. After the temperature decreases

below the threshold, the fan is able to be turned off by the microcontroller

-The thin film pressure sensors on the back of the chair are able to detect unhealthy sitting

posture

-The outputs of the implementation subsystem including the speech, fan, and LCD modules are

able to function as described above and inform the user correctly

## Envision of Final Demo

Our final demo of the healthy chair project is an office chair with grids. The office chair’s back

holds several other pressure sensors to detect the person’s leaning posture. The pressure and

temperature sensors are located under the office chair. After receiving input time from the user,

the healthy chair is able to warn the user if he has been sitting for too long by alerting him from

the speech module. The fan below the chair’s seat is able to turn on after the chair seat’s

temperature goes beyond a set threshold temperature. The LCD displays which sensors are

activated and it also receives the user’s time input.

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