Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
9 Affordable universal controller for upper limb prosthetics
 Kathleen Beetner
Leanne Lee
Minwoo Cho
 Nikhil Arora design_document1.pdf
final_paper1.pdf
photo1.jpg
photo2.jpg
presentation1.pdf
proposal3.pdf
video
# Affordable universal controller for upper limb prosthetics

Team Members:
- Minwoo Cho (minwooc2)
- Leanne Lee (leannel2)
- Kathleen Beetner (beetner2)

# Problem

Around 3 million people worldwide need a prosthetic limb replacement, 2.4 million of which live in developing countries. Even though the World Health Organization estimates that only 27-48% of upper limb amputees have some form of prosthetics, the market for these prosthetics reached $720.86 million and is projected to grow 4.6% over the next year. At a price point of $50,000-$500,000, the exorbitant cost makes them inaccessible to many patients. One reason for the high costs is the lack of common parts between the various types of prosthetics. Each prosthetic part is designed separately on its own to fulfill the unique needs of a patient and repairs are costly, time-consuming, and can only be done by a prosthetic professional. Accumulation of cost continues to escalate for children with prosthetics who need to not only buy replacement parts but also buy entirely new prosthetics with age. In addition, existing prosthetics still struggle with electromagnetic interference that creates inaccuracy in market sEMGs (surface electromyograms).

# Solution

Our solution will focus on building an EMI-shielded standalone sEMG device that can be fitted to various designs of prosthetic devices. Because our solution aims to be universally compatible, manufacturers can focus strictly on the mechanical design of the prosthetic and patients can select any compatible prosthetic without compromising functionality. A modular sEMG device also allows easier replaceability and repairability when a prosthetic gets damaged or when children grow out of their prosthetics. Instead of buying an entirely new prosthetic, a prosthetic-user only needs to buy and replace the mechanical component of a prosthetic. Prosthetics can even be built using a 3D printer, saving time and reducing cost of materials.

# Solution Components
## Subsystem 1: EMG Sensor
Surface EMG electrodes (sEMG)(H124SG Covidien) will measure the EMG signal of the upper limb. The sEMG sensor will be connected to the PCB design responsible for filtering and amplification of the EMG signal.
## Subsystem 2: Processor
We will use a microcontroller (ATMEGA328P) that uses MathWorks simulink support package for digital signal processing.
## Subsystem 3: Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Copper shielding(https://www.adafruit.com/product/1168) will cover our PCB design to reduce the outside noise and interference. Typical readings in our circuit will be around 20 uV so our design in various environments should be able to function properly with little to no interference.
## Subsystem 4: Output prosthetic
A 3D printed hand will be used to exhibit the compatibility and practicality between a prosthetic and removable EMG device.
## Subsystem 5: Power
We will use a 3.7V rechargeable lithium ion battery (https://www.digikey.com/en/products/detail/adafruit-industries-llc/2011/6612469) to make the device as portable as possible.

# Criterion For Success

The EMG device should be easily removable and replaceable.

Our EMG device should be able to correctly interpret muscle activity for the motions below. We will mount sensors onto the forearm and categorize the signal patterns through Matlab to identify motions on the working hand. This is the primary goal of our project. We will build a rudimentary hand prosthetic for prosthetic demonstration and convert the readings into prosthetic movements.
Our design should be able to accurately mimic the following motions:
Palmar supination (turn wrist so palm is facing up),
Palmar pronation (turn wrist so palm is facing down),
Complete digit flexion and extension (closing and opening all fingers).

Total budget is strictly less than $400.

Covert Communication Device

Ahmad Abuisneineh, Srivardhan Sajja, Braeden Smith

Covert Communication Device

Featured Project

**Partners (seeking one additional partner)**: Braeden Smith (braeden2), Srivardhan Sajja (sajja3)

**Problem**: We imagine this product would have a primary use in military/law enforcement application -- especially in dangerous, high risk missions. During a house raid or other sensitive mission, maintaining a quiet profile and also having good situational awareness is essential. That mean's that normal two way radios can't work. And alternatives, like in-ear radios act as outside->in communication only and also reduce the ability to hear your surroundings.

**Solution**: We would provide a series of small pocketable devices with long battery that would use LoRa radios to provide a range of 1-5 miles. They would be rechargeable and have a single recessed soft-touch button that would allow someone to find it inside of pockets and tap it easily. The taps would be sent in real-time to all other devices, where they would be translated into silent but noticeable vibrations. (Every device can obviously TX/RX).

Essentially a team could use a set of predetermined signals or even morse code, to quickly and without loss of situational awareness communicate movements/instructions to others who are not within line-of-sight.

The following we would not consider part of the basic requirements for success, but additional goals if we are ahead of schedule:

We could also imagine a base-station which would allow someone using a computer to type simple text that would be sent out as morse code or other predetermined patterns. Additionally this base station would be able to record and monitor the traffic over the LoRa channels (including sender).

**Solutions Components**:

- **Charging and power systems**: the device would have a single USB-C/Microusb port that would connect to charging circuitry for the small Lithium-ion battery (150-500mAh). This USB port would also connect to the MCU. The subsystem would also be responsible to dropping the lion (3.7-4.2V to a stable 3.3V logic level). and providing power to the vibration motor.

- **RF Communications**: we would rely on externally produced RF transceivers that we would integrate into our PCB -- DLP-RFS1280, https://www.sparkfun.com/products/16871, https://www.adafruit.com/product/3073, .

-**Vibration**: We would have to research and source durable quiet, vibration motors that might even be adjustable in intensity

- **MCU**: We are likely to use the STM32 series of MCU's. We need it to communicate with the transceiver (probably SPI) and also control the vibration motor (by driving some transistor). The packets that we send would need to be encrypted (probably with AES). We would also need it to communicate to a host computer for programming via the same port.

- **Structural**: For this prototype, we'd imagine that a simple 3d printed case would be appropriate. We'd have to design something small and relatively ergonomic. We would have a single recessed location for the soft-touch button, that'd be easy to find by feel.

**Basic criterion for success:** We have at least two wireless devices that can reliably and quickly transfer button-presses to vibrations on the other device. It should operate at at *least* 1km LOS. It should be programmable + chargeable via USB. It should also be relatively compact in size and quiet to use.

**Additional Success Criterion:** we would have a separate, 3rd device that can stay permanently connected to a computer. It would provide some software that would be able to send and receive from the LoRa radio, especially ASCII -> morse code.