Linx

How to Use the LC Series LINX Modules

by Lee Rumsey

These are basic instructions on hooking up the modules. This document is split into five nifty sections:

For data sheets on the LINX modules, see this web site: http://www.linxtechnologies.com. Click on the RF Modules link. Then click on the Manuals item under the LC Series heading. READ through the LC Series data sheets to get an understanding of their function. This will reduce the likelihood of errors.

Necessary Parts

TX board (1) Smaller PC board; has TXM-XXX-LC chip on it
RX board (1) Larger PC board; has RXM-XXX-LC chip on it
Antenna (2) Either whips or helical antennas
RG-174 50W coax cable Available from ECE Store; for connecting antennas
22 ga hookup wire Should be laying around the 445 lab
390 W, 1/4 W resistor (1) Needed for 5V operation

Before we start

  1. Learn to solder. You will be making some delicate connections, so practice if you don't know how. Also be sure to use solder sparingly- big blobs will likely result in damage or malfunctions.
  2. You should have the parts listed above. Get them from a TA.
  3. Make sure the transmitter and receiver are running on the same frequency. Do this by checking the model number on the surface mount package. For example, a 418 MHz TX module will be labeled TXM-418-LC, and a 315 MHz RX module will be RXM-315-LC.

Transmitter Assembly

The LINX transmitter is the smaller of the two modules. It runs on between +2.7 and 5.2 VDC. We will use a +5 VDC power supply, so that the data input can be a TTL level signal. DO NOT apply a voltage greater than Vcc on the data input pin!

Step 1. Acclimate yourself with the circuit we are building:
schematic

Step 2. Place the TX board with chip side facing UP. The writing on the chip should be right side up, with a little wire coming off the top. This wire is GROUND. A '1' or a small dot should be visible on the lower left-hand corner of the chip. GROUND is also connected to the center bus strip on the board.

Step 3. Solder the 390 W resistor from pin 4 (lower right-hand corner) to ground. This sets the chip to accept 5 VDC. NOTE: make all connections on the top of the board. DON'T feed any leads through the holes. There are connections on the other side!

Step 4. Carefully solder a 3-inch wire to pin 2. This will be the DATA input. DO NOT apply a voltage greater than Vcc on the data input pin!

Step 5. Carefully solder a 3-inch wire to pin 7. This will be the VCC power input. REMEMBER: +5 VDC ONLY on this pin!

Step 6a. If you have a HELICAL COIL antenna, solder a short (2 inch) length of coax cable to pin 5 and GROUND. The inner conductor is the RF signal, and the outer shield goes to GROUND. Now solder the helical coil to the other end of the coax to form a magnetic loop. (You may need to extend the shield connection with a separate wire.)

Step 6b. If you have a WHIP antenna, solder the coax cable directly to pin 5 and GROUND. The inner conductor is the RF signal, and the outer shield goes to GROUND.

Here is the completed TX board assembly:
board


Receiver Assembly

The LINX receiver is the larger of the two modules. It runs on between +4 and 5.2 VDC. We will use a +5 VDC power supply. GROUND is the center vertical strip on the solder side.

Step 1. Acclimate yourself with the circuit we are building:
circuit

Step 2. Place the RX board with chip side facing DOWN, with the solder side UP. Orient the board so that one wire comes off the top, while another comes off the left of the board. The top wire is the power connection; the left wire is ground. Pin 1 of the chip is actually at the lower left with this orientation; it is identified on the chip by a '1' or a dot.

Step 3. Carefully solder a 3-inch wire to pin 5 (top left solder pad connected to the chip). This will be the DATA output.

Step 4a. If you have a HELICAL COIL antenna, solder a short (2 inch) length of coax cable to pin 1 and GROUND. The inner conductor is the RF signal, and the outer shield goes to GROUND. Now solder the helical coil to the other end of the coax to form a magnetic loop. (You may need to extend the shield connection with a separate wire.)

Step 4b. If you have a WHIP antenna, solder the coax cable directly to pin 1 and GROUND. The inner conductor is the RF signal, and the outer shield goes to GROUND.

Step 5. IMPORTANT! If there is a connection to pin 10 on the Linx chip, carefully desolder it, leaving the others intact. It is misconnected.

Here is the completed RX board assembly:
complete


Testing and Operation

Now we'll see if these modules work. If you are working with 418 MHz chips, then a reference receiver - transmitter pair are available for testing. Otherwise, you better hope you made the right connections? we don't have anything to test the 315 MHz RX/TX chips, except maybe another functioning pair of modules.

Step 1. TESTING THE TRANSMITTER. Refer to the schematic for the TX module we just assembled. Connect +5 VDC to the power lead, and ground the GROUND lead.

Step 2. Turn on or plug in the power. Use +5 VDC only! If anything is heating up, UNPLUG the module and check your connections!

Step 3. Set up a function generator the make a 1 kHz TTL compatible square wave (i.e. it swings between 0 and +5V only!) Connect this signal to the data input lead from the module. If anything is heating up, UNPLUG the module and check your connections!

Step 4. Plug the data output of the reference receiver into an oscilloscope. ASK A TA FOR ASSISTANCE! If all is well, a 1 kHz square wave should appear on the screen. You are done; wire your module into the rest of your circuit.

NOTE: For a flaky power supply, a bypass capacitor (10 uF electrolytic) may be necessary between power and ground on YOUR board.

Step 5. TESTING THE RECEIVER. Refer to the schematic for the RX module we just assembled. Connect +5 VDC to the power lead, and ground the GROUND lead

Step 6. Turn on or plug in the power. Use +5 VDC only! If anything is heating up, UNPLUG the module and check your connections!

Step 7. Set up a function generator the make a 1 kHz TTL compatible square wave (i.e. it swings between 0 and +5V only!) Connect this signal to the data input on the reference transmitter. ASK A TA FOR ASSISTANCE! If anything is heating up, UNPLUG the module and check your connections!

Step 8. Connect the data output of your receiver module into an oscilloscope. If all is well, a 1 kHz square wave should appear on the screen. You are done; wire your module into the rest of your circuit.

THE END.

Antweight Battlebot Project

Jeevan Navudu, Keegan Teal, Avik Vaish

Antweight Battlebot Project

Featured Project

# Antweight Battlebot

Team Members:

- Keegan Teal (kteal2)

- Avik Vaish (avikv2)

- Jeevan Navudu (jnavudu2)

# Problem

In order to compete in Professor Gruev’s robot competition, there are many constraints that need to be met, including:

- Maximum weight (2lbs)

- Allowed materials (3D-printed thermoplastics)

- Locomotion system and fighting tool

- Wireless control via Bluetooth or Wifi

The main goal of this competition is to design a Battlebot that is capable of disrupting the functionality of the other Battlebots with our fighting tool while maintaining our own functionality.

# Solution

For the project, we plan to build a battlebot with a custom electronic speed controller (ESC) that can independently control three brushless motors: two for the drive system, and one for the fighting tool. This ESC will be controlled by an STM32 microcontroller, to which we will add a Bluetooth module to connect to it and specify how much power we want to send to each motor. To communicate with our robot, we will use a laptop that can connect to Bluetooth.

# Solution Components

## Vehicle Controller

The main subsystem of the robot will be a combined vehicle control board and ESC. This subsystem will contain an STM32 Microcontroller that will serve as the brain for the whole robot. With this MCU, we’ll be able to flash our whole software package that will be able to control the speed and direction of the robot, the robot’s weapon, and the Bluetooth communication.

## Power Module

This subsystem includes the battery, the voltage regulators/converters needed to power the electronics, and the necessary battery monitoring circuitry. Specifically, for the battery, we will use a 14.8V 4S2P LiPo pack to power all the components. There will also be a voltage short detection circuit for the battery that will shut down the robot in case of a short to ensure safe practices. This subsystem also contains a 5V linear regulator and 3.3V linear regulator to power the low voltage electronics.

## Drivetrain/Powertrain

This subsystem includes the motors and H-bridges needed to control both the wheels and weapon of the robot. The H-bridges will be made with regular N-MOSs that will be controlled by a PWM signal sent from the STM32 MCU. This H-bridge setup will be able to control the voltage and polarity sent to the motors, which will be able to control the speed of the wheels or weapon. This subsystem will also include the mechanical wheels of the robot and actual hardware of the weapon, which will be a spinning object. Since all the wheels and the weapon have the same mechanical motion, they can all use the same hardware and software electronically, with minor adjustments in motor selection and the actual mechanical hardware/peripheral.

## Bluetooth Module

One big requirement for this project is the ability for the robot to be controlled wirelessly via laptop. The STM32 MCU has bluetooth capabilities, and with additional peripheral hardware, the robot will be able to communicate over bluetooth with a laptop. The goal for the laptop is to be able to control the speed, direction, and weapon of the robot wirelessly and also have a display for live telemetry.

## Mechanical Design

The last part of our project would be the mechanical design of the robot chassis and weapon. For the chassis and weapon material, we decided to go with PLA+ as it offers a blend of being strong and robust but not being too brittle. The drive system will be a 2-wheeled tank style drive with one motor controlling each side of the robot. For the weapon, we are looking to utilize a fully 3D-printed drum that will have a 100% infill to maximize the rotational inertia which can lead to bigger impacts.

## Criterion for Success

We would consider our project a success if we are able to communicate with the robot from our computer as in sending throttle and steering commands to the robot, if those commands are then processed on the robots microprocessors and the motors are sent the according power needed to move and behave in the way that we want during a match.

## Alternatives

The most commonly used electronics in current antweight battlebots consist mostly of RC drone parts. We plan to create a very similar ESC to those on the market but it will have an integrated Bluetooth wireless capability as well as telemetry monitoring. We also want to focus on minimizing packaging size to lower weight and increase flexibility as much as possible.

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