Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
9 Image acquisition, 3D reconstruction and a visual interactive digital heritage system
Chuanrui Chen
Denglin Cheng
Qianyan Shen
Ziying Li
 design_document1.pdf
design_document2.pdf
final_paper1.pdf
final_paper2.pdf
proposal1.pdf
 Shurun Tan
Spring 2024 ECE445 RFA

Image acquisition, 3D reconstruction and a visual interactive digital heritage system

# TEAM MEMBERS:

- Qianyan Shen (qianyan2)

- Ziying Li (ziyingl4)

- Chuanrui Chen (cc86)

- Denglin Cheng (denglin3)

# Problem

Cultural artifacts possess significant historical, cultural, and artistic value. However, due to the passage of time and the impact of natural deterioration, many artifacts face risks of damage, loss, or decay. Additionally, for history enthusiasts and researchers worldwide, detailed information about specific artifacts is not readily accessible.

Traditional photographs often fail to capture the intricate details of artifacts, hampering comprehensive research and preservation efforts. Furthermore, the absence of user-friendly interactive interfaces limits the interaction between enthusiasts and artifacts, impeding immersive experiences in virtual exploration of cultural heritage.

Therefore, our team aims to develop a system that can generate realistic 3D models of cultural artifacts and provide users with a user-friendly interactive interface for immersive exploration.

# Solution Overview

Our system will use advanced scanning and 3D reconstruction techniques to capture the detailed geometry of cultural artifacts. This will be achieved through a series of subsystems including a Stabilized Scanning Subsystem, 3D Reconstruction Subsystem, Database Subsystem, and Interactive Interface Subsystem. Please refer to the following subsystem descriptions for more detailed information.

# Solution Components

## Stabilized Scanning Subsystem
This subsystem aims to capture detailed 3D data of the workpiece with high precision and low noise by coordinating a self-stabilizing three-axis gimbal centered around the STM32 microcontroller.
We intend to use solidworks to build the three axis parts of the gimbal respectively, and print them out with a high-precision 3D printer, and then use the brushless motor to connect these parts, and control them with the STM32 code, so that it can achieve real-time angular correction, so that in the process of scanning can be done to achieve the lens anti-shake, reduce motion blur.

## 3D Reconstruction Subsystem
This subsystem aims to obtain a point cloud through RGBD images and perform 3D reconstruction using the point cloud.
We first use a depth camera to capture RGBD images of an object from different angles and preprocess the raw images by denoising and repairing. Then, we proceed with point cloud acquisition, registration, and reconstruction to obtain a 3D model.
To begin, we calibrate the camera to obtain the lens parameters. We then convert the 2D coordinate system of the depth image to a 3D point cloud and map the pixel colors from the RGB image to the 3D point cloud. Afterward, we process the obtained point cloud by applying denoising and sampling techniques, facilitating subsequent registration and reconstruction steps. By repeating these processes, we obtain point clouds from different angles, and we perform precise registration using the ICP （Iterative Closest Point） method to align them in a unified coordinate system. Finally, the 3D reconstruction is completed using the Poisson reconstruction algorithm or other techniques.

## Database Subsystem
This subsystem aims to store the basic information of the artifacts, including dynasties, historical backgrounds, stories, etc., and at the same time saving the generated complex 3D model data.
With database system, users can upload the information of artifacts from all over the world to the database, and can also retrive and view the artifacts from exotic countries. When a user wants to retrieve an artifact, the database will find the corresponding information from its own stored data according to the search item entered by the user and display it through the Interactive Interface Subsystem for users to view artifacts from around the globe.


## Interactive Interface Subsystem
This subsystem aims to provide a user-friendly interface that facilitates database interaction and basic visualization capabilities, delivering a visually pleasing experience to users and catering to their close-range viewing needs.

We aim to present brief introductions of multiple cultural artifacts on the interface, including physical photos, names, dynasties, and more. Upon selection, users can access the corresponding detailed information and the reconstructed 3D model by linking to the database. Specifically, we render the obtained 3D models and offer features such as rotation and scaling for users to observe the artifact's details. Additionally, the interface can include a filtering function to provide users with a certain degree of personalized service in selecting artifacts.

# Criterion for Success
Successfully captures information about the appearance of artifacts without requiring the user to manually adjust examples or angles to minimize the noise.
Accurate and detailed 3D scanning and reconstruction of artifacts.
A database subsystem for effective data management and data retrieval.
A user-friendly interactive interface provides an immersive experience in cultural heritage exploration.


# Divisions Of Labor And Responsibilities
Denglin Cheng is responsible for the modeling of the Stabilized Scanning Subsystem, 3D printing, and the design of the control circuits in the STM32, as well as the final assembly and debugging of the gimbal to ensure smooth scanning of the depth camera.

Qianyan Shen is responsible for RGBD image preprocessing, point cloud acquisition, alignment, and 3D reconstruction.

Ziying Li is responsible for enabling database system to store and retrive data and interact with front-end.

Chuanrui Chen is responsible for the specific design and implementation of the UI interface, requiring her to understand and utilize the database interface. She also assists in the acquisition of point clouds from RGBD images and the design of the control circuits in the STM32.




BusPlan

Featured Project

# People

Scott Liu - sliu125

Connor Lake - crlake2

Aashish Kapur - askapur2

# Problem

Buses are scheduled inefficiently. Traditionally buses are scheduled in 10-30 minute intervals with no regard the the actual load of people at any given stop at a given time. This results in some buses being packed, and others empty.

# Solution Overview

Introducing the _BusPlan_: A network of smart detectors that actively survey the amount of people waiting at a bus stop to determine the ideal amount of buses at any given time and location.

To technically achieve this, the device will use a wifi chip to listen for probe requests from nearby wifi-devices (we assume to be closely correlated with the number of people). It will use a radio chip to mesh network with other nearby devices at other bus stops. For power the device will use a solar cell and Li-Ion battery.

With the existing mesh network, we also are considering hosting wifi at each deployed location. This might include media, advertisements, localized wifi (restricted to bus stops), weather forecasts, and much more.

# Solution Components

## Wifi Chip

- esp8266 to wake periodically and listen for wifi probe requests.

## Radio chip

- NRF24L01 chip to connect to nearby devices and send/receive data.

## Microcontroller

- Microcontroller (Atmel atmega328) to control the RF chip and the wifi chip. It also manages the caching and sending of data. After further research we may not need this microcontroller. We will attempt to use just the ens86606 chip and if we cannot successfully use the SPI interface, we will use the atmega as a middleman.

## Power Subsystem

- Solar panel that will convert solar power to electrical power

- Power regulator chip in charge of taking the power from the solar panel and charging a small battery with it

- Small Li-Ion battery to act as a buffer for shady moments and rainy days

## Software and Server

- Backend api to receive and store data in mongodb or mysql database

- Data visualization frontend

- Machine learning predictions (using LSTM model)

# Criteria for Success

- Successfully collect an accurate measurement of number of people at bus stops

- Use data to determine optimized bus deployment schedules.

- Use data to provide useful visualizations.

# Ethics and Safety

It is important to take into consideration the privacy aspect of users when collecting unique device tokens. We will make sure to follow the existing ethics guidelines established by IEEE and ACM.

There are several potential issues that might arise under very specific conditions: High temperature and harsh environment factors may make the Li-Ion batteries explode. Rainy or moist environments may lead to short-circuiting of the device.

We plan to address all these issues upon our project proposal.

# Competitors

https://www.accuware.com/products/locate-wifi-devices/

Accuware currently has a device that helps locate wifi devices. However our devices will be tailored for bus stops and the data will be formatted in a the most productive ways from the perspective of bus companies.