Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
26 Network Power For Automobile
 Akash Chandra
Constantin Legras
Dhruv Kulgod
 Matthew Qi design_document1.pdf
final_paper1.pdf
photo1.png
photo2.png
presentation1.pdf
proposal1.pdf
# Network Power For Automobile

Team Members:
- Akash Chandra (akashc3)
- Constantin Legras (clegras2)
- Dhruv Kulgod (dkulgod2)

# Problem

We were inspired by number 28 from the ECE power project ideas page and the work on UIUC’s electric Formula SAE team, IEM.
Automobiles contain complicated wire harnesses. In place of this complexity, manufacturers are trying to move to a “one power one communication” arrangement in which all control and conversion is local.

However, all components on a car cannot run on the same voltage. For example, the IEM car contains components running at 3.3V, 5V, 12V, and 24V! While some of these voltage conversions are handled on PCBs themselves, there are still many different voltages that have to be run through the wire harness. This need is due to the various devices (notably sensors, actuators, cooling/heating devices) that are present on cars. Trends towards increased safety and self driving in the automotive industry mean that the number of such devices will only increase in the coming years.

# Solution

This project involves the design of a multiple-output power supply that can handle an input range of about +11V to +15V, thereby serving a range of vehicular platforms running at various LV voltages. Our project will support four simultaneous power rails. Each rail can be configured to one of the following output levels: 3.3V, 5V, 12V and 24V. This creates a single versatile product that can be modified for the specific needs of each use case.

There will be an external backplane that houses an MCU, and a power PCB that will house the power electronics. The backplane will contain the power input, power output, and the CAN connection to the rest of the car.

There will be two variants of the power PCB: one serving the 3.3 - 5V range and another serving the 12 - 24V range. Each power PCB will contain the power electronics to buck or boost the voltage, talk to the MCU over a digital protocol, and share voltage and current usage to the MCU. The power PCBs will slot into the backplane. This will allow users to run multiple outputs simultaneously without worrying about heat generation affecting the other units. This design also allows us to quickly replace dead units without needing to redo the entire project. The two variants will have similar design, differing only in ICs and inductances.

## Backplane

We will use an MCU on this PCB to control the whole project. We will use a CAN transceiver to talk to the rest of the car. There will also be programmable termination for the CAN bus.

Relays on the outputs will ensure the output voltage is not prematurely connected to the load and the unit can be disconnected from loads in an event of a short.

To step down the voltage for the MCU, we will use LDOs to generate 5V and 3.3V rails for the ICs on the backplane. There will also be a voltage reference to provide the STM with accurate analog reference to measure the thermistors on the power PCBs. There will be a low pass filter with op amps on the back plane to help remove any switching noise from the measurement.

There will be a digital isolator to allow the MCU to communicate with digital IO for a digital enable signal or an alarm signal output.

### Backplane Solution Components

Parts used:
1. TCAN1044AEVDRQ1 - CAN transceiver
2. 744235900 - CAN Choke
3. TVS Diodes (CAN) - DIODE-SOT23_PESD1CAN
4. CPC1017N - Solid state relay used for programmable termination
5. ISO6721-Q1 - Digital Isolator
6. STM32F4 - MCU
7. J1031C5VDC.15S - Relay
8. REF20-Q1 - Voltage reference for the STMs ADCs used for the power PCB thermistors
9. BCS-110-F-D-TE - Card connector
10. LM2902LVQDRQ1 - Op Amp
11. 3413.0328.22 - SMD input fuse, 10A
12. SPX1117M3-L-3-3/TR - 3.3V LDO
13. SPX1117M3-L-5-0/TR - 5V LDO
14. MPSS-08-16-L-12.00-SR - Backplane to car connector

## Power PCB

This will house the DC-DC controller, switches, and the voltage and current sensing chips needed to buck or boost the voltage to the level commanded from the microcontroller.

There will be a thermistor on the PCB to allow for temperature monitoring on the power PCBs for safety and protection.

### Power PCB Solution Components

1. LT8253 - Buck-Boost controller IC
2. INA780B - Current shunt & Voltage sensing
3. INFINEON IPZ40N04S5L-4R8 - Switches
4. COILCRAFT XAL8080-682ME - Main inductor
5. NCU15XH103F6SRC - Thermistor
6. TSW-110-08-F-D-RA - Edge connector

# Criteria For Success

1. Supply 3.3V, 5V, 12V and 24V rails at 2A per rail for 1 hour with no chip above 100 C
2. Have a voltage ripple of only 5% on the power rails under a 1A load
3. Have a current ripple of 5% under a 1A load
4. MCU sends power usage data over CAN
5. Use CAN to change the voltage level of the power modules

Assistive Chessboard

Robert Kaufman, Rushi Patel, William Sun

Assistive Chessboard

Featured Project

Problem: It can be difficult for a new player to learn chess, especially if they have no one to play with. They would have to resort to online guides which can be distracting when playing with a real board. If they have no one to play with, they would again have to resort to online games which just don't have the same feel as real boards.

Proposal: We plan to create an assistive chess board. The board will have the following features:

-The board will be able to suggest a move by lighting up the square of the move-to space and square under the piece to move.

-The board will light up valid moves when a piece is picked up and flash the placed square if it is invalid.

-We will include a chess clock for timed play with stop buttons for players to signal the end of their turn.

-The player(s) will be able to select different standard time set-ups and preferences for the help displayed by the board.

Implementation Details: The board lights will be an RGB LED under each square of the board. Each chess piece will have a magnetic base which can be detected by a magnetic field sensor under each square. Each piece will have a different strength magnet inside it to ID which piece is what (ie. 6 different magnet sizes for the 6 different types of pieces). Black and white pieces will be distinguished by the polarity of the magnets. The strength and polarity will be read by the same magnetic field sensor under each square. The lights will have different colors for the different piece that it is representing as well as for different signals (ie. An invalid move will flash red).

The chess clock will consist of a 7-segment display in the form of (h:mm:ss) and there will be 2 stop buttons, one for each side, to signal when a player’s turn is over. A third button will be featured near the clock to act as a reset button. The combination of the two stop switches and reset button will be used to select the time mode for the clock. Each side of the board will also have a two toggle-able buttons or switches to control whether move help or suggested moves should be enabled on that side of the board. The state of the decision will be shown by a lit or unlit LED light near the relevant switch.

Project Videos