Midterm 2 prep questions:
    function arguments
        Python
            - positional, keyword (invoke)
            - all positional before any keyword
            - defining: all comb of kw-only, pos-only, both
            - defining: *args gets left over positional
            - defining: **kargs gets left over keyword
    decorators
        @a.b(340)
        def f(x,y,z):
            return x+y+z
        
        tmp = a.b(340)
        def f(x,y,z):
            return x+y+z
        f = tmp(f)
    
    concurrency + parallelism (overview, diff)
        concurrent if both start before either ends
        parallel if both working at same instant in time
        concurrent is a superset of parallel
        parallel implies concurrent
    
    thread vs coroutine -- code comparison
        def thr():
            return threading.Thread(target=runme)
        cor = runme   
    lock vs condition
        condition is a lock and more
            more: wait, notify, notify_all
        
        with lock:
            ....
        
        with condition:
            while !something_i_want():
                condition.wait()
            ...
            change_what_someone_wants()
            condition.notify()
    
    
    Coffman conditions
        circular wait
            mutual exclusion
            hold-and-wait
            no premption
    dining philosophers
    artist deadlock
    
    TCP/UDP/DHCP and when to use them
        DHCP: used to connect to ISP, and thus the internet; gives you an IP address
        UDP: gives port numbers to IP packets -- fast is more imprtant than reliable
        TCP: UDP + reliable, in-order delivery -- reliable is more important than fast (usually)
    DNS lookup counting
        how many . are in hostname
        
    
    socket vs pipe
        both: 2-way communication between processes via file descriptors
        socket uses network, pipe uses file system
    what does data look like from socket, pipe
        bytes