CS 241 Fall 2009
System Programming

11-11:50am MWF

1404 Siebel Center for Computer Science

Course Syllabus

Staff:

Marco Caccamo (Instructor)

Office: 4118 SC

Tel: (217) 244-0528

TAs: Wade Fagen, Liping Chen, Farhana Ashraf, and Chi-Yao Hong

Textbook:

Introduction to Systems Concepts and Systems Programming

University of Illinois Custom Edition

Taken from:

Operating Systems: Internals and Design Principles, Fifth Edition

by William Stallings

UNIX™ Systems Programming: Communication, Concurrency, and Threads

by Kay A. Robbins and Steven Robbins

Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective

by Randal E. Bryant and David R. O'Hallaron

ISBN 0-536-48928-9

Description:

A computer needs an operating system to manage its resources and provide support for common functions such as accessing peripherals. There are two categories of “customers” that an operating system must support. The first category is the community of users. We have all used computers and you may recognize operating systems functions such as creating folders (directories) and moving files around. These are examples of operating system support for users. User support is not the objective of this course. This course addresses operating system support for the second category of customers; namely, the programmers. Those are people who write code to execute on the computer. When you write a program, it may have to interact with physical hardware (keyboard, screen, mouse, printers, hard disk, or network. For example, you may want to get input from a keyboard or mouse, you may want to read some configuration file stored on disk, you may want to output data to a screen or printer, or you may want to access a remote server across a network. The operating system presents common interfaces for programmers to perform these functions. The operating system also provides useful abstractions such as “tasks” (also called processes) “threads”, and “semaphores”. You can make the computer multitask by calling the operating system interface for creating new tasks or new threads. You can make these tasks coordinate and synchronize by using operating system semaphores. You can tell the computer the order in which you want tasks to be executed, which is called a scheduling policy. Finally, you can manage computer memory by calling the operating system function for memory management. System programming refers to writing code that tasks advantage of operating system support for programmers. This course is designed to introduce you to system programming.

By the end of this course, you should be proficient at writing programs that take full advantage of operating system support. To be concrete, we need to fix an operating system and we need to choose a programming language for writing programs. We chose the C language running on a Linux/UNIX operating system (which implements the POSIX standard). The C over UNIX/Linux is a very common combination used heavily by software that must provide high performance. It is much faster, for example, tha Java or C++ over Windows. Hence, this course introduces you to systems programming via the specific case of C over UNIX. By the end of the course you should be proficient with this programming environment and should be able to write non-trivial pieces of software from web server code to your own multiplayer Internet games. More specifically, after taking this course you should be able to accomplish the following:

1. Identify the basic components of an operating system, describe their purpose, and explain how they function.

2. Write, compile, debug, and execute C programs that correctly use system interfaces provided by UNIX (or a UNIX-like operating system).

3. List UNIX system calls, and invoke them correctly from within C programs.

4. Describe the difference between programs, processes, and threads.

5. Explain the meaning and purpose of process control blocks and other mechanisms that the operating system uses to implement the process and thread abstractions.

6. Write, compile, debug, and execute C programs that create, manage and terminate processes and threads on UNIX.

7. Define concurrency and explain the problems that may arise because of concurrent execution of multiple processes or threads. Explain how these problems can be avoided. Write code that avoids these problems.

8. Define semaphores, mutexes, and other synchronization primitives, explain their purpose, and describe their internal implementation.

9. Describe possible problems that arise from improper use of synchronization primitives (such as deadlocks) and present their solutions.

10. Write, compile, debug, and execute C programs that use UNIX synchronization primitives.

11. Describe operating system scheduling and use UNIX interfaces to set and modify scheduling policy parameters.

12. Define UNIX signals and signal handlers, and describe their use.

13. Write, compile, debug, and execute C programs with processes and threads that interact by invoking and catching signals.

14. Describe, configure, and use operating system timers and clocks.

15. Identify and apply principles of queueing theory to evaluate system performance.

16. Describe the concepts of I/O devices, files, directories.

17. Explain the internal implementation of files systems and operating system I/O.

18. Write, compile, debug, and execute C programs that use files and I/O on UNIX.

19. Describe the machine memory hierarchy, describe its components such as caches and virtual memory, and explain memory management mechanisms pertaining to these components such as paging and segmentation.

20. Write, compile, debug, and execute C programs that make use of memory management functions.

21. Explain the concept of DMA.

22. Describe the protocols (such as TCP and IP) and interfaces (such as sockets) used for communication among different computers.

23. Write distributed applications that communicate across a network.

Grading:

Final Exam: 35%
Mid-term Exam: 25%

Homework (two total): 10%

Team Machine Problems (eight total): (3% * 6 one-week MPs) + (6% * 2 two-week MPs) = 30%

Note on Machine Problems and Homework Assignments:

The programming assignments in this class will be based on Posix Programming Interface. We will have eight machine problems with different difficulty degrees. The MP assignments will be done in groups. There will be two homework assignments. The homework assignments will be done individualNote on Machine Problems and Homework Assignments:

The programming assignments in this class will be based on Posix Programming Interface. We will have eight machine problems with different difficulty degrees. The MP assignments will be done in groups of two students. There will be two homework assignments. The homework assignments will be done individually by each student. Please use the TSG Linux machines. To access these machines from outside the university, please use CITES VPN client.

Cheating is taken very seriously in CS 241. Be sure to understand the departmenal policy on cheating at https://agora.cs.illinois.edu/display/undergradProg/Honor+Code

Prerequisites

11:00-11:50am Monday, Wednesday and Friday in Room 1404 SC. Lectures cover important operating system concepts, and their implementation. It is the students' responsibility to read the textbooks and related materials.l be multiple discussion sessions. You should sign up for one of the discussion sessions using Compass as soon as possible.

Laboratory Facilities from CSIL

TSG runsCSIL

We will be using linux machines, running POSIX system programming interface, in labs in 1245 DCL, 1265 and 1275 DCL and in 0216 SC (basement). You should make sure that you have accounts on the CSIL machines to do your machine problem assignments. We recommend that you use the csil-linux-ts1.cs.uiuc.edu or csil-linux-ts2.cs.uiuc.edu machines since our auto-grader program will check your MP submissions on these machines. These machiens have partiular features enabled to aid in debugging your program, but these same features may result in buggy code running differently on the CSIL machines than other machiens (such as EWS or even SC lab machines). Always check your program on a csil-linux-ts machien before submitting your assignment.

TSG runs the CSIL labs, you can find out more details here:

If you register late or otherwise have problems relating to the existence of your account, send email to userhelp@cs.uiuc.edu.