''' EXAMPLE 1 '''
print("hi")
x = {'abc' : 10, 'bye' : 6}
print(x)

x = [1, 4, 90]

if 4 in x:
    print("found")

''' EXAMPLE 2 '''
x = 5

if x == 5:
    y = 6

if y == 5:
    z = 7
print(x, y)
print(z)

''' EXAMPLE 3 '''
fruit = {}
counts = []

for i in range(0, 5):
    counts.append(i)

fruit["apple"] = counts[2]

if "apple" in fruit:
    print(fruit["apple"])

''' EXAMPLE 4 '''
my_list = [4, 1, 10, 3]
my_list.sort()
print(my_list)

my_list = [4, 1, 10, 3]
new_list = sorted(my_list)
print(my_list)

https://docs.python.org/3/howto/sorting.html

''' EXAMPLE 5 '''
def func(var):
    var.append("i")
    return var
    
def func2(var: list, other: int) -> int:
    var.append(other)
    return other + 4

func(['h'])
print(func2([6], 8))

''' EXAMPLE 6 '''
def func(var):
    var = [1, 4, 5]

l = [1, 2, 3]
func(l)
print(l)

''' EXAMPLE 7 '''
def get_stats(var:list):
    sum = 0
    for i in var:
        sum += i
    return sum, sum/len(var)

data = [1, 5, 33, 1, 46, 4]

d_sum, d_avg = get_stats(data)
print(d_sum, d_avg)

''' EXAMPLE 8 '''
def ex1(x,y):
    print("stuff")
ex1(3, 5)

def ex2(x,y=4):
    print("stuff")
ex2(3,5)
ex2(3)

def ex3(*,x,y):
    print("stuff")
ex3(y=5, x=7)

''' EXAMPLE 9 '''
def ex(*,x,y) -> (list, int):
    lis = [x, y, 6]
    lis.sort()
    return lis, x+y
print(ex(x=9, y=1))

''' EXAMPLE 10 '''
class Book:
    rating = None
    def __init__(self, *, title: str, length: int):
        self.title = title
        self.length = length
        
    def add_rating(self, rating_in):
        self.rating = rating_in
        
    def should_read(self):
        if self.rating == 10:
            if self.length > 100:
                return "yes read" + self.title
        
bk = Book(title="coding", length=101)
bk.should_read()

''' EXAMPLE 11 '''
class Book:
    rating = None
    def __init__(self, *, title: str, length: int):
        self.title = title
        self.length = length
        
    def __bytes__(self):
        out = self.title + " " + str(self.length)
        return out.encode('utf-8')
        
bk = Book(title="coding", length=101)
print(bytes(bk))

''' EXAMPLE 12 '''
def log(func):
    def wrapper(input_):
        print("called with", str(input_))
        val = func(input_)
        print("finished")
        return val
    return wrapper
 
@log   
def add_num(var):
    return var + 5 
    
print("output:", add_num(5))

''' EXAMPLE 13 '''
def call_twice(func):
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        func(*args, **kwargs)
        func(*args, **kwargs)
    return wrapper
 
@call_twice   
def print_names(names):
    for i in names:
        print(i)
    
names_ = ["jule", "luther"]
print_names(names_)


''' EXAMPLE 14 '''
import asyncio

async def task1():
    print("task1 start")
    await asyncio.sleep(1)
    print("task1 done")

async def task2():
    print("task2 start")
    await asyncio.sleep(2)
    print("task2 done")

async def main():
    await asyncio.gather(task1(), task2())

asyncio.run(main())

'''Example 15'''
x = [1, 4, 2]
y = x
x.append(5)
print(y)

x = [1, 4, 2]
y = x
x = sorted(x)
print(y)


'''Example 16'''
def func(var):
    var[0] = 5
    
x = [1, 4, 6]
func(x)
print(x)

'''Example 17'''
var = "start"
x = [1, 4, 6]
for value in x:
    var += " " + str(value)
print(var)
bytes_version = var.encode("utf-8")
print(bytes_version)

'''Example 18'''
def log(func):
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        print("CALLING FUNCTION")
        ret = func(*args, **kwargs)
        print(ret)
        print("FUNCTION DONE")
        return ret
    return wrapper

@log 
def add_num(x, y):
    return x + y
    
@log 
def add_nums(x, y, z):
    return x + y + z

add_num(5, 6)
add_nums(5, 6, 1)

''' EXAMPLE 19 '''
lst = [1, 5, 6]

lst2 = [x/2 for x in lst]
lst3 = [x for x in lst if x > 3]
lst4 = [5 for x in lst if x%2 == 0]

print(lst2)
print(lst3)
print(lst4)